| Liam Halligan Channel
4 News Economic Correspondent exposes the truth behind PFI.
Back in 2004, I received an invitation
to the annual dinner of the Public Private Partnership (PPP)
Forum. A glitzy, black-tie evening was promised, amidst the
mock-Gothic splendour of London's Royal Courts of Justice.
As a financial journalist, I am asked to numerous swanky,
yet frankly humdrum events. But the mighty PPP Forum is different.
It comprises many of the UK's corporate A-list - more than
100 contractors, banks and law firms.
PFI, in turn, is a multi-billion pound
industry. New Labour has signed hundreds of long-term contracts
with the private sector to construct - and then service and
maintain - schools, hospitals and other public buildings.
The government pays back investors over 30 years or more,
after which the buildings revert to the state. Even two years
ago, it was clear the government had based the biggest public
building programme since the war on a gigantic - and controversial
- hire-purchase scheme.
Given all that - and noticing the stiff-card
dinner invitation implied a cabinet minister would be speaking
- I decided to attend. The food wasn't bad and the atmosphere
convivial. But the evening left me disturbed. Whenever I politely
asked fellow diners an awkward question, I was - politely,
for the most part - fobbed off. Back then, as now, I had reservations
about PFI. Amid sumptuous surroundings, I questioned the double-
and sometimes triple-digit returns being made from projects
driven by public money. I protested that commercial confidentiality
meant the details of long-term agreements between PFI companies
and taxpayers often remained under wraps - even to the head
teachers and NHS bosses trying to run the schools and hospitals
involved. Because the private sector pays more to borrow than
the state, I quizzed the logic of today's politicians building
up huge off-balance-sheet liabilities under PFI, to be met
by tomorrow's taxpayers. And, while the government claims
to use PFI over conventional procurement only after a rigorous
value for money test, I suggested this exercise was a sham.
After all, as early as 1997, then Health
Minister Alan Milburn proclaimed, 'it's PFI or bust'. In other
words, if local health chiefs don't agree to PFI, the hospital
won't be built. I remember quoting figures to a chap at my
table: by the end of 2003, PFI had been used for 90 of the
100 hospitals built or refurbished under New Labour. Similarly
- 500 out of 550 new or renovated schools. Surely, the fact
that PFI allowed ministers to be regularly photographed opening
shiny new buildings - while keeping much of the spending off
the government's books – meant the system was likely to be
rigged. Gordon Brown, I argued, would continue using PFI,
without question, to bolster his claim to be 'a prudent chancellor'.
My analysis was met with a wry smile.
But what I most vividly recall from
that dinner two years ago was a group of cuff-linked PFI professionals
noisily toasting Saddam Hussein. 'The Iraq war has really
done us a favour,' one well-oiled reveller explained, while
slapping my back. 'Since it kicked off, you media types have
been so obsessed with foreign policy that PFI has dropped
off your radar'. At that point, I resolved to become very
interested in PFI. And, over the last six months - with that
toast still ringing in my ears - I've made an in-depth TV
documentary.
So far, much of the analysis into PFI
has been party pris. Trade unions, and academics funded by
trade unions, have produced a slew of critical studies, which
the PPP Forum has rightly dismissed as 'biased'. After all,
much of the public sector is allergic to any form of private
involvement in state schools and hospitals. The only other
source of detailed 'research' has been big City accounting
firms, invariably, in favour of PFI. But they're making a
killing from what is now a £4bn-a-year industry so have a
vested interest.
I have no ideological aversion to PFI.
My only allegiance is to that ultimate vested interest – taxpayers.
And, as my documentary - I hope - makes clear, PFI gives very
bad taxpayer value. Some of the facts I've unearthed - on
long-term liabilities, on ramped-up maintenance charges, on
broken contracts are shocking.
New Labour has signed PFI deals worth
£43bn. The long-term taxpayer cost - £150bn. The cost of changing
a light switch in a leading PFI hospital? A cool £333 and
I've got the document which proves it. Locked into a long-term
PFI contract, a local authority is currently shelling out
tens of thousands of pounds a month for meals and cleaning
services in a school which closed last year. And a head teacher
at a school which Tony Blair has singled-out as 'evidence
PFI works' told me the policy is 'lunacy'. After years of
wrangling with contractors, she said: 'I was initially very
positive about PFI. But I've ended up hugely frustrated at
the waste of public money'.
In the face of growing discontent,
ministers remain petrified of reining-in the all-powerful
PFI industry. Without it, public service delivery would grind
to a halt. And, having committed themselves - and us - so
deeply, the government can't bear to go back. My invitation
to the most recent PPP forum dinner seems to have got lost
in the post. The industry will never believe me, but I really
wanted PFI to work. The private sector should be heavily involved
in delivering our public services. We need to retreat from
the dogma of state provision.
But as the PFI stench gets worse, opposition
is growing, not only among the usual suspects, but among ranks
of non-aligned taxpayers too.
And that is the tragedy. PFI is giving
the private sector a bad name.
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